Announcing a new NEALS webinar series on ALS drug development moderated by Dr. Richard Bedlack from the Duke ALS Clinic. This series will include talks on the preclinical development of potential therapies, the regulatory pathway, the science of trials, the clinical trial site level overview, and the importance of patient engagement. In this installment of the webinar series, Dr. Jeremy Shefner from the Barrow Neurological Institute will review the "therapeutic misconception," the importance of distinguishing causality from correlation, the phases of clinical trials, design considerations (inclusion criteria, controls, outcomes, effect sizes, sample sizes, durations), and define open-label extensions and what we can learn from them.